14 Beautiful Castles in Scotland — From Cliffside Ruins to Present-day Royal Homes

It's estimated Scotland has more than 1,500 castles scattered across its rugged landscapes, with the earliest structures dating to the 12th century. While many stand in ruins, others have been restored and transformed into living museums that attract lovers of history, architecture, and manicured gardens. To top it off, many Scottish castles are perched on cliffs, hills, and other scenic vantage points with spectacular views.

From fairytale-like fortresses to historic homes that have served as filming locations for beloved movies and television shows, these are 14 of the most beautiful castles in Scotland. Note that many of these sites close seasonally, so check opening times before planning your visit.

Edinburgh Castle

Standing strategically atop a hill called Castle Rock in Scotland's capital city, Edinburgh Castle was home to royalty for centuries. The iconic landmark, which features buildings dating back to the 12th century, has served as a fortress, military base, and prison. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the castle is open daily to visitors (except on Christmas Day and Boxing Day). Go on a guided tour of the Great Hall and St. Margaret's Chapel, check out the National War Museum, and attend special events, from light shows and afternoon tea to concerts and holiday performances. Tickets often sell out during the summer months, so it's best to purchase them in advance on the castle's website.

Stirling Castle

One of the largest and most historically significant castles in Scottish history, Stirling Castle was the early childhood home of Mary Queen of Scots. The castle dates back to the 12th century, but most remaining buildings are from the 15th century or later. In recent years, it served as a filming location for Game of Thrones and Outlander, among other shows. The castle is open year-round, and guided tours are included in the ticket price. Explore Renaissance-era spaces like the Great Hall, Royal Palace, and Great Kitchens, walk through the Queen Anne Gardens, and marvel at hard-carved medallions that once decorated the palace ceilings in the Stirling Heads Gallery. On a clear day, you can also enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding countryside and mountains from the castle walls.

Eilean Donan Castle

It's easy to see why Eilean Donan Castle is one of the most photographed landmarks in the Scottish Highlands. The medieval-style castle sits on an island overlooking the Isle of Skye, with the surrounding mountains forming a dramatic backdrop. The history of the original fortress, built in the 13th century, is a bit mysterious; it was attacked by English troops in the early 1700s and left to decay for the next 300 years. But the current version, reconstructed in the 1930s, has incorporated the ruins into its design. The castle has been the backdrop for many movies and serves as a spectacular wedding venue. Visitors can explore its artifacts and furnishings while appreciating the surrounding wildlife, including dolphins, otters, and porpoises. It's open to the public most days, but check the website for any closures before you visit.

Dunnottar Castle

This cliff-top fortress stands in ruins on Scotland's northeast coast, but the stunning view alone is a reason to visit. Rich in Scottish history dating back to the Middle Ages, Dunnottar Castle was once besieged by Sir William Wallace (a knight and the protagonist of the fictionalized tale "Braveheart"), and in the 1600s, it famously served as the safest place to guard the Scottish crown jewels against Oliver Cromwell's invading English army. The castle is open daily to visitors, except on certain holidays or during bad storms. Comfortable footwear is suggested, as you'll need to climb more than 200 steps to reach the castle. Ambitious adventurers may want to venture to the breathtaking shoreline below.

Balmoral Castle

Balmoral Castle is the Scottish holiday home of the British royal family and was a favorite respite of Queen Elizabeth II. Located near Braemar, one of the most charming small towns in Scotland, the property was purchased by Prince Albert for Queen Victoria in 1852. The original Balmoral Castle was deemed too small for the royal family, and the present-day version was completed in 1856. Through the years, successive generations have added to the 50,000-acre estate. Admission to the grounds is free on select dates, and Land Rover expedition tours are available to those interested in seeing the surrounding parklands and wildlife.

Glamis Castle

Pronounced "glams," Glamis Castle dates back to 1372 and is the family home of the Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne. Queen Elizabeth spent her early childhood at the castle, and her sister Princess Margaret was born there. Some believe the property may have inspired Shakespeare's "Macbeth," since the title character is the Thane of Glamis. Rumored to be one of the most haunted places in Scotland, ghost stories abound. Guided seasonal tours are available, and the property often hosts special events, including a Christmas market and the Strathmore Highland Games.

Culzean Castle

Designed by Robert Adam in the late 18th century, the cliff-top Culzean Castle boasts more than 640 acres consisting of gardens, beaches, woods, trails, and two adventure playgrounds for kids. Guests can reserve the six-bedroom Eisenhower apartment on the top floor, which honors President Dwight D. Eisenhower for his role during World War II. The over-the-top interiors and impressive gardens are matched only by the gorgeous sunset views. The castle is open from April through October, and the park is open year-round.

Dunrobin Castle

Located in the Northern Highlands and visually similar to a Disney castle, Dunrobin offers spectacular views of the Moray Firth and Dornoch Bay. The majestic estate dates back to the 1300s and was once home to the Earls and Dukes of Sutherland. Open to visitors from April through October, the grounds offer lots of outdoor space (including an impeccably manicured Victorian garden), beach access, and a cafe serving tasty treats. Self-guided tours are available, and a twice-daily falcon show is a fun bonus activity.

Craigievar Castle

Originally designed in the 17th century, Craigievar Castle in the hills of Aberdeenshire has undergone many renovations throughout the years, including a return to its original shade of pink in the early 2000s. Home to the area's noble Forbes family for over 300 years until it was turned over to the National Trust for Scotland in 1963, it's more of a tower house than a castle, with small rooms and narrow stairways. The property is currently closed until 2024 due to a conservation project, so check the website for reopening details.

Blair Castle

Showcasing more than 750 years of Scottish history, Blair Castle is rich in period furnishings and historical artifacts. Guests are captivated by its exquisite staterooms, Georgian staircase, and tapestry room. The extensive gardens and surrounding woodlands encompass the nine-acre Hercules Garden, landscaped ponds, statues, and an orchard. Tickets for self-guided tours are available from April to the end of October, and seasonal events are announced online.

Urquhart Castle

The ruins of Urquhart Castle sit proudly on the scenic shore of Loch Ness. Though much of the medieval fortress was destroyed during the Jacobite Risings, its remnants offer a peek into more than 1,000 years of history, during which the control of the castle ping-ponged between the Scots and English. The site welcomes visitors year-round, and many guests also enjoy the stunning views and beautifully manicured grounds. Myths of "Nessie," the Loch Ness Monster, date back to the 6th century, and sightings have been recorded as recently as the 1930s. Hoax or fact? Urquhart is the perfect spot to take in Scotland's gorgeous scenery and decide for yourself.

Cawdor Castle

Owned and operated by the Cawdor family since 1370, this Highland castle is referenced in William Shakespeare's tragedy "Macbeth." Spared from attack, Cawdor Castle is in very good original condition. Points of interest include the Drawing Room with its original fireplace and the Tapestry Bedroom, rich in 17th-century furnishings and wares. The historical gardens are especially enchanting in the spring. Like many other castles in Scotland, Cawdor Castle is open seasonally between April and October.

Dunvegan Castle

Set on the rocky shores of its namesake loch, Dunvegan Castle has been the ancestral home of the MacLeod family since the 13th century. Inside, you'll find paintings and heirlooms dating back to the 15th century. Surrounding the castle are five acres of spectacular gardens with waterfalls, streams, and even a children's play area. The MacLeod Tables Cafe provides tasty meals and snacks using fresh produce grown onsite. The property is open between April and October, and various tours are available. For an added treat, join one of the 25-minute seal-watching trips around Loch Dunvegan, offered seasonally on a first-come, first-served basis.

Inveraray Castle

Inveraray Castle is the family home of the Duke of Argyll, whose lineage can be traced back to Colin, the first Earl of Argyll. The West Highland castle was built on the shores of Loch Fyne in the 1700s, and renovations throughout the years included the addition of the third floor and conical roofs on the corner towers. Inveraray Castle played the role of the fictional Scottish home "Duneagle Castle" in the 2012 Christmas episode of Downton Abbey. Several rooms, as well as the grounds, are typically open to visitors from April through October.