Europe, 1400 - 1500
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The document summarizes key developments in art during the Renaissance period from 1400-1500 in Europe. It describes the emergence of new artistic styles like naturalism and linear perspective that were influenced by classical antiquity. Major artists discussed include van Eyck, van der Weyden, Botticelli, and architects like Brunelleschi who helped usher in Renaissance architecture. Patronage from wealthy merhcants and the Medici family in Florence supported much of the new art and learning.
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Europe, 1400 - 1500
- 4. Jay Pritzker Pavilion by Frank Gehry, Millennium Park, Chicago $200 million of park budget given by private patrons
- 5. Humanism – In the Renaissance , an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge (especially of classical antiquity), the exploration of individual potential and desire to excel, and a commitment to civic responsibility and moral duty (Gardner). Renaissance = rebirth
- 6. Naturalism – the style of painted or sculptured representation based on close observation of the natural world that was at the core of the classical tradition (Gardner). Cimabue, c.1280 Mantegna, c.1455 Raphael, c.1514
- 7. Painting Materials Tempera – a technique of painting using pigment mixed with egg yolk, glue or casein; dries quickly so applied sparingly; usu. on wood panel Oil painting – a painting technique using oil-based pigments (popularized in early 15 th century Flanders, then Italy); dries slowly; usu on wood Fresco – painting on lime plaster, either dry or wet (in the latter, pigments are mixed with water and become bound to plaster); most pop. in Italy in mural form
- 8. Materials for Sculpture and Architecture Bronze - Any of various alloys of copper and tin in various proportions, sometimes with traces of other metals Marble - metamorphic rock formed by alteration of limestone or dolomite, often irregularly colored by impurities Limestone - a common sedimentary rock consisting mostly of calcium Carbonate used as a building stone and in the manufacture of lime carbon dioxide and cement.
- 9. France, the duchy of Burgundy, and the Holy Roman Empire Bruges is capital of Flanders and economic center of Burgundy
- 12. Flanders ROBERT CAMPIN (Master of Flémalle), Mérode Altarpiece , ca. 1425–1428. Fig. 8-3.
- 14. Flanders JAN VAN EYCK, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, 1434. Fig. 8-1.
- 16. Flanders ROGIER VAN DER WEYDEN, Deposition, ca. 1435, 7’x8’ Fig. 8-6.
- 25. Filipppo Brunelleschi’s Sacrifice Lorenzo Ghiberti’s Sacrifice Two Finalists ( both in early 20s)
- 28. Renaissance Perspectival Systems One-point linear perspective Brunelleschi’s Experiment, 1413 Brunelleschi credited with rediscovery of principles of perspective drawing! Theorist Alberti codified Brun.’s ideas in his seminal texts On Painting , On Architecture and On Sculpture , which influenced a generation of Italian artists and architects!
- 29. Mathematical Truth and Formal Beauty in Italian Ren. Art MASACCIO, Holy Trinity, ca. 1424–1427. Fig. 8-23. Masaccio = “Ugly Tom”! (1401-28)
- 31. Italy & The Return of the Nude Battle of the Ten Nudes by Pollaiuolo, 1465, engraving, fig. 8-28
- 33. Sally Mann, Popsicle Drips, 1985
- 34. Italy - Florence SANDRO BOTTICELLI, Birth of Venus, ca. 1484–1486. Fig. 8-27.
- 36. Italian Renaissance Architecture Florence Cathedral Dome Brunelleschi, 1420-1436 Pantheon Rome 2 nd century CE 375’ high Double shell 140’ crossing
- 37. Italy LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI, Santa Maria Novella, Florence, 1456–1470. Fig. 8-33. pediment scroll pilasters arcade